Igiciro cyatitaniumni hagati ya $ 200 na $ 400 ku kilo, mugihe igiciro cya titanium gisirikare cya gisirikare cyikubye kabiri. None, titanium ni iki? Kuki bihenze cyane nyuma yo kuvanga?
Icyambere, reka twumve inkomoko ya titanium. Titanium ituruka ahanini kuri ilmenite, rutile na perovskite. Nicyuma cyera-cyera. Bitewe n'imiterere ikora ya titanium hamwe nibisabwa cyane mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gushonga, abantu ntibashoboye kuva kera cyane titanium, bityo nayo ishyirwa mubyuma "bidasanzwe".
Mubyukuri, abantu bavumbuye titanium mu 1791, ariko iyamberetitaniumyakozwe mu 1910, byatwaye imyaka irenga ijana. Impamvu nyamukuru nuko titanium ikora cyane mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi byoroshye guhuza na ogisijeni, azote, karubone nibindi bintu. Bisaba ibintu bikaze cyane kugirango ukuremo titanium. Nyamara, umusaruro wa titanium mu Bushinwa wavuye kuri toni 200 mu kinyejana gishize ugera kuri toni 150.000 ubu, kuri ubu uri ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi. None, titanium ikoreshwa he cyane mugihe ihenze cyane?
1. Ubukorikori bwa Titanium.Titanium ifite ubucucike bwinshi kandi irwanya ruswa, cyane cyane okiside kandi ifite amabara. Ifite ingaruka nziza zo gushushanya kandi ihendutse cyane kuruta zahabu nyayo, bityo ikoreshwa mugusimbuza zahabu nyayo kubukorikori bwubukorikori, inyubako za kera no gusana inyubako za kera, ibyapa byo hanze, nibindi.
2. Imitako ya Titanium.Titanium mubyukuri yinjiye mubuzima bwacu bucece. Imitako imwe ikozwe muri titanium yera abakobwa ubu bambara. Ikintu kinini kiranga ubu bwoko bushya bwimitako ni ubuzima, umutekano no kurengera ibidukikije. Ntabwo izabyara ibintu byangiza uruhu rwumubiri numubiri, kandi yitwa "imitako yicyatsi".
3. Ibirahuri bya Titanium. Titanium ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ihindagurika kuruta ibyuma, ariko uburemere bwayo ni kimwe cya kabiri cyingana nicyuma kimwe. Ibirahuri bya Titanium ntaho bitandukaniye nibirahuri bisanzwe byicyuma, ariko mubyukuri biroroshye kandi byoroshye, hamwe no gukorakora bishyushye kandi byoroshye, nta kumva ubukonje bwibindi birahure byicyuma. Amakadiri ya Titanium yoroshye cyane kuruta ibyuma bisanzwe, ntabwo bizahinduka nyuma yo gukoresha igihe kirekire, kandi ubuziranenge buremewe.
4. Mu rwego rwo mu kirere, ibyuma byinshi mubitwara indege zubu, roketi, na misile byasimbuwe na titanium. Abantu bamwe bakoze ubushakashatsi bwo guca hamwe nibyuma hamwe na titanium alloys, nanone kuberako irwanya guhindagurika nuburemere bworoshye. Mugihe cyo gutema, wasangaga ibishashi byakozwe na titanium bisa nkaho bitandukanye. Isahani yicyuma yari zahabu, mugihe ibishashi bya titanium alloy byari byera. Ibi biterwa ahanini nuduce duto twakozwe na titanium alloy mugihe cyo gutema. Irashobora guhita ikongeza mu kirere ikanasohora urumuri rwinshi, kandi ubushyuhe bwibi bicu burarenze cyane ubw'icyuma cya plaque, bityo ifu ya titanium nayo ikoreshwa nka lisansi ya roketi.
Dukurikije imibare, buri mwaka toni zirenga 1.000 za titanium zikoreshwa mu kugendagenda ku isi buri mwaka. Usibye gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo mu kirere, titanium ikoreshwa no gukora ubwato. Umuntu yigeze kurohama titanium munsi yinyanja, ugasanga itigeze yangirika na gato mugihe yakuweho nyuma yimyaka itanu, kuko ubucucike bwa titanium ni garama 4,5 gusa, kandi imbaraga kuri santimetero kibe nini cyane mubyuma. kandi irashobora kwihanganira ikirere 2500 cyumuvuduko. Kubwibyo, ubwato bwitwa titanium burashobora kugenda mumyanyanja ya metero 4.500, mugihe ubwato busanzwe bwibyuma bushobora kwibira metero 300.
Ikoreshwa rya titanium irakungahaye kandi ifite amabara, kandititaniumzikoreshwa cyane mubuvuzi, kandi zikoreshwa mubuvuzi bw'amenyo, kubaga plastique, valve yumutima, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, nibindi. None, ni iki mu by'ukuri gitera iki kibazo?
Ubucukuzi no gukoresha umutungo wa titanium biragoye cyane. Ikwirakwizwa rya mine ya ilmenite mu gihugu cyanjye iratatanye, kandi umutungo wa titanium ni muke. Nyuma yimyaka yo gucukura no kuyikoresha, hacukuwe umutungo wo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi munini, ariko kubera ko iterambere ahanini rishingiye ku bucukuzi bw’abasivili, biragoye gushinga iterambere n’ikoreshwa rinini.
Icyifuzo cya titanium kirakomeye cyane. Nubwoko bushya bwibikoresho byicyuma, titanium yakoreshejwe cyane mubyogajuru, ubwubatsi, inyanja, ingufu za kirimbuzi n amashanyarazi. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’igihugu cyanjye mu buryo bwuzuye, ikoreshwa rya titanium naryo ryerekanye iterambere ryihuse.
Ubushobozi bwo gukora titanium budahagije. Kugeza ubu, ku isi hari ibihugu bike byateye imbere ku isi bishobora kubyara titanium.
Gutunganya Titanium biragoye.
Kuva kuri sponge titanium kugeza kuri titanium, hanyuma kugeza kuri plaque ya titanium, birakenewe inzira nyinshi. Uburyo bwo gushonga bwa titanium butandukanye nibyuma. Birakenewe kugenzura igipimo cyo gushonga, voltage nubu, kandi tukemeza neza ibihimbano. Bitewe nibikorwa byinshi kandi bigoye, biragoye no gutunganya.
Titanium yera iroroshye kandi mubisanzwe ntabwo ikwiriye gukoreshwa nkibicuruzwa bya titanium. Kubwibyo, ibindi bintu bigomba kongerwaho kugirango bitezimbere ibyuma. Kurugero, titanium-64, isanzwe ikoreshwa mubikorwa byindege, ikeneye kongeramo umubare munini wibindi bintu kugirango itezimbere ibyuma byayo.
Titanium ikora cyane hamwe na halogene, ogisijeni, sulfure, karubone, azote nibindi bintu mubushyuhe bwinshi. Kubwibyo, gushonga titanium bigomba gukorwa mu cyuho cyangwa mu kirere kugira ngo wirinde kwanduza.
Titanium nicyuma gikora, ariko ubushyuhe bwayo bwumuriro ni bubi, bigatuma bigorana gusudira hamwe nibindi bikoresho.
Muri make, hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kubiciro bya titanium, harimo agaciro k umuco, ibisabwa, ingorane zumusaruro, nibindi. Ariko, hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nubuhanga, ingorane zumusaruro zishobora kugabanuka buhoro buhoro mugihe kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-02-2025